Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
I-Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
I-Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
I-Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
I-Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
I-Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
I-Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
Sebenzisa isixhumanisi esingezansi ukuze wabelane ngenguqulo yombhalo egcwele yalesi sihloko nabangani bakho nozakwenu.Funda kabanzi.
Ngenxa yobhubhane lwe-coronavirus kanye nezindaba ezihlobene ne-particle (PM) emoyeni, isidingo samamaski sikhule kakhulu.Kodwa-ke, izihlungi zemaski zendabuko ezisekelwe kugesi omile kanye nesisefo se-nano zonke ziyalahlwa, aziboli noma zigaywa kabusha, okuzodala izinkinga ezinkulu zemfucuza.Ukwengeza, eyokuqala izolahlekelwa umsebenzi wayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezinomswakama, kuyilapho lokhu okulandelayo kuzosebenza ngokwehla okukhulu komfutho womoya kanye nokuvala imbobo ngokushesha kuzokwenzeka.Lapha, isihlungi se-biodegradable, esifaka umswakama, esiphefumula kakhulu, isihlungi se-fiber mask esisebenza kahle senziwe.Ngamafuphi, imicu emibili ye-biodegradable ultrafine namacansi e-nanofiber ahlanganiswe kusihlungi se-Janus membrane, bese embozwa ngama-nanowhiskers e-chitosan ane-cationically charged.Lesi sihlungi sisebenza kahle njengesihlungi se-N95 sokuhweba futhi singasusa u-98.3% ka-2.5 µm PM.Ama-Nanofibers ahlola ngokomzimba izinhlayiya ezinhle, nemicu ye-ultrafine ihlinzeka ngomehluko ophansi wengcindezi engu-59 Pa, ofanele ukuphefumula komuntu.Ngokuphambene nokwehla okubukhali ekusebenzeni kwezihlungi ze-N95 zezentengiselwano lapho zivezwe kumswakama, ukulahlekelwa kokusebenza kwalesi sihlungi akunakwa, ngakho-ke kungasetshenziswa izikhathi eziningi ngoba i-dipole ehlala njalo ye-chitosan adsorbs ultrafine PM (isibonelo, i-nitrogen).Futhi sulphur oxides).Kubalulekile ukuthi lesi sihlungi sibole ngokuphelele emhlabathini owenziwe umquba phakathi kwamaviki ama-4.
Umqedazwe we-coronavirus (COVID-19) ongakaze ubonwe njengamanje uqhuba isidingo esikhulu samaski.[1] I-World Health Organisation (WHO) ilinganisela ukuthi kudingeka imaski yezokwelapha eyizigidi ezingama-89 njalo ngenyanga kulo nyaka.[1] Abadingi nje kuphela ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo abadinga imaski ye-N95 esebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa imaski yenhloso evamile yabo bonke abantu futhi isiphenduke imishini yansuku zonke ebaluleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo esithathelwanayo sokuphefumula.[1] Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkonzo ezifanele zitusa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezifihla-buso ezilahlwayo nsuku zonke, [1] lokhu kuye kwaholela ezinkingeni zemvelo ezihlobene nenani elikhulu lemfucuza yemaski.
Njengoba i-particulate matter (PM) njengamanje kuyinkinga yokungcoliswa komoya eyinkinga kakhulu, imaski isiphenduke indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke etholakalayo kubantu.I-PM ihlukaniswe yaba i-PM2.5 kanye ne-PM10 ngokosayizi wezinhlayiyana (2.5 no-10μm ngokulandelana), okuthinta kakhulu indawo ezungezile [2] kanye nezinga lokuphila komuntu ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.[2] Minyaka yonke, i-PM ibangela ukufa kwabantu abayizigidi ezingu-4.2 kanye neminyaka yokuphila elungisiwe yokukhubazeka eyizigidi ezingu-103.1.[2] I-PM2.5 ibeka usongo olukhulu kakhulu empilweni futhi iqokwe ngokusemthethweni njengeqembu I-carcinogen.[2] Ngakho-ke, kusesikhathini futhi kubalulekile ukucwaninga nokuthuthukisa isihlungi semaski esisebenza kahle ngokwemibandela yokungena komoya kanye nokususwa kwe-PM.[3]
Ngokuvamile, izihlungi zefayibha zendabuko zithwebula i-PM ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukene: ngokusefa ngokomzimba okusekelwe kuma-nanofibers kanye ne-electrostatic adsorption esekelwe kuma-microfibers (Umfanekiso 1a).Ukusetshenziswa kwezihlungi ezisekelwe ku-nanofiber, ikakhulukazi ama-electrospun nanofiber mats, kuye kwafakazela ukuthi kuyisu eliphumelelayo lokususa i-PM, okuwumphumela wokutholakala kwempahla eningi kanye nesakhiwo somkhiqizo olawulekayo.[3] I-nanofiber mat ingasusa izinhlayiya zosayizi oqondiwe, obangelwa umehluko wosayizi phakathi kwezinhlayiya nezimbotshana.[3] Nokho, imicu ye-nano-scale idinga ukunqwabelana ukuze yenze izimbotshana ezincane kakhulu, eziyingozi ekuphefumuleni okunethezekile komuntu ngenxa yomehluko ohlobene nomfutho ophezulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbobo ezincane nakanjani zizovinjelwa ngokushesha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-meltblown ultra-fine fiber mat ishajwa ngogesi ngendawo kagesi enamandla amakhulu, futhi izinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu zithwetshulwa yi-electrostatic adsorption.[4] Njengesibonelo esimele, isiphefumulo se-N95 siyisihlungi sokuphefumula semaski sobuso esihluza izinhlayiyana esihlangabezana nezimfuneko ze-National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health ngoba singakwazi ukuhlunga okungenani u-95% wezinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni.Lolu hlobo lwesihlungi lumunca i-ultrafine PM, evamise ukwakhiwa ngezinto ze-anionic ezifana ne-SO42− ne-NO3−, ngokusebenzisa ukukhangwa okunamandla kwe-electrostatic.Kodwa-ke, ukushaja okumile ebusweni be-fiber mat kuhlakazwa kalula endaweni enomswakama, njengokutholakala ekuphefumuleni okuswakeme komuntu, [4] okuholela ekwehleni komthamo wokukhangisa.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokuhlunga noma ukuxazulula ukuhwebelana phakathi kokusebenza kahle kokususa kanye nokwehla kwengcindezi, izihlungi ezisekelwe ku-nanofibers nama-microfibers zihlanganiswa nezinto eziphakeme-k, ezifana nezinto zekhabhoni, izinhlaka zensimbi eziphilayo, kanye nama-nanoparticles e-PTFE.[4] Nokho, ubuthi bebhayoloji obungaqinisekile kanye nokuchithwa kwezindleko zalezi zithako kuseyizinkinga ezingagwemeki.[4] Ikakhulukazi, lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezihlungi zendabuko ngokuvamile azingonakali, ngakho-ke zizogcina zingcwatshwe ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu noma zishiswe ngemva kokusetshenziswa.Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwezihlungi zamaski ezithuthukisiwe ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga zemfucuza futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuthwebule i-PM ngendlela egculisayo nenamandla kuyisidingo samanje esibalulekile.
Ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga ezingenhla, senze isihlungi se-Janus membrane esihlanganiswe ne-poly(butylene succinate)-based (i-PBS-based)[5] i-microfiber namacansi e-nanofiber.Isihlungi se-membrane ye-Janus simbozwe amadevu e-chitosan nano (CsWs) [5] (Umfanekiso 1b).Njengoba sonke sazi, i-PBS iyi-polymer emele i-biodegradable, engakhiqiza i-ultrafine fiber nama-nanofiber nonwovens ngokusebenzisa i-electrospinning.Amafayibha e-Nano-scale abamba i-PM ngokomzimba, kuyilapho ama-nano-fibers amancane ehlisa ukwehla kwengcindezi futhi asebenze njengohlaka lwe-CSW.I-Chitosan iwukwaziswa okusekelwe ku-bio okuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi kunezakhiwo ezinhle zebhayoloji, okuhlanganisa i-biocompatibility, i-biodegradability kanye nobuthi obuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, [5] obunganciphisa ukukhathazeka okuhambisana nokuhogela ngephutha kwabasebenzisi.[5] Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-chitosan inezindawo ze-cationic namaqembu e-polar amide.[5] Ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezinomswakama, ingaheha izinhlayiya ze-polar ultrafine (ezifana ne-SO42- ne-NO3-).
Lapha, sibika isihlungi semaski esingaboli, esisebenza kahle kakhulu, esifaka umswakama kanye nengcindezi ephansi esisekelwe ezintweni ezitholakala kalula ezibolayo.Ngenxa yenhlanganisela yokuhlunga ngokomzimba kanye ne-electrostatic adsorption, isihlungi esihlanganisiwe se-CSW-coated microfiber/nanofiber sinokusebenza kahle kokususa okuphezulu kwe-PM2.5 (kufika ku-98%), futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwehla kwengcindezi enkulu kusihlungi esikhulu kakhulu kuphela Ingama-59 Pa, ilungele ukuphefumula komuntu.Uma kuqhathaniswa nokonakaliswa kokusebenza okuphawulekayo okuboniswe yisihlungi sezentengiso se-N95, lesi sihlungi sibonisa ukulahlekelwa okungenandaba kokusebenza kahle kokususa i-PM (<1%) ngisho noma kumanzi ngokugcwele, ngenxa yenkokhiso engapheli ye-CSW.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izihlungi zethu ziyakwazi ukubola ngokuphelele emhlabathini owenziwe umquba phakathi kwamaviki ama-4.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izifundo ezinemiqondo efanayo, lapho ingxenye yokuhlunga yakhiwe ngezinto ezibolayo, noma ikhombisa ukusebenza okulinganiselwe ezinhlelweni ezingaba khona ze-biopolymer nonwoven, [6] lesi sihlungi sibonisa ngokuqondile i-Biodegradability yezici ezithuthukile (i-movie S1, ulwazi olusekelayo).
Njengengxenye yesihlungi se-membrane ye-Janus, amacansi e-nanofiber kanye ne-superfine fiber PBS aqale alungiswa.Ngakho-ke, izixazululo ze-PBS ezingu-11% nezingu-12% zaziyi-electrospun ukukhiqiza imicu ye-nanometer ne-micrometer, ngokulandelana, ngenxa yomehluko wabo ku-viscosity.[7] Ulwazi oluningiliziwe lwezici zesixazululo kanye nezimo ezifanele ze-electrospinning zifakwe kuhlu kuThebula S1 kanye ne-S2, kulwazi olusekelayo.Njengoba i-as-spun fiber isaqukethe i-solvent eyinsalela, ibhavu eyengeziwe yokuhlanganisa amanzi yengezwa kudivayisi evamile ye-electrospinning, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2a.Ukwengeza, ukugeza kwamanzi kungasebenzisa ifreyimu ukuze kuqoqwe i-fiber mat ye-PBS ejiyile, ehlukile ku-matrix eqinile esimweni sendabuko (Umfanekiso 2b).[7] Isilinganiso samadiamitha e-fiber we-microfiber namacansi we-nanofiber angu-2.25 no-0.51 µm, ngokulandelana, futhi amadayamitha amaphakathi embotshana angu-13.1 kanye no-3.5 µm, ngokulandelanayo (Umfanekiso 2c, d).Njengoba i-chloroform/ethanol solvent engu-9:1 ihwamuka ngokushesha ngemva kokukhishwa ku-nozzle, umehluko we-viscosity phakathi kwezixazululo ze-11 kanye ne-12 wt% ukhula ngokushesha (Umfanekiso S1, ulwazi olusekelayo).[7] Ngakho-ke, umehluko wokuhlushwa we-1 wt% kuphela ungabangela ushintsho oluphawulekayo kububanzi be-fiber.
Ngaphambi kokuhlola ukusebenza kwesihlungi (Umfanekiso we-S2, ulwazi olusekelayo), ukuze uqhathanise izihlungi ezihlukahlukene ngokunengqondo, ama-electrospun nonwovens okuqina okujwayelekile akhiqizwa, ngoba ukushuba kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta umehluko wengcindezi nokusebenza kahle kokuhlunga kokusebenza kwesihlungi.Njengoba ama-nonwovens ethambile futhi enezimbotshana, kunzima ukunquma ngokuqondile ukujiya kwama-nonwovens e-electrospun.Ubukhulu bendwangu ngokuvamile bulingana nokuminyana kwendawo (isisindo seyunithi ngayinye, isisindo sesisekelo).Ngakho-ke, kulolu cwaningo, sisebenzisa isisindo esiyisisekelo (gm-2) njengesilinganiso esisebenzayo sokuqina.[8] Ukuqina kulawulwa ngokushintsha isikhathi se-electrospinning, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2e.Njengoba isikhathi sokuphotha sikhula sisuka kumzuzu ongu-1 siye emaminithini ayi-10, ubukhulu be-microfiber mat bukhuphuka bufinyelele ku-0.2, 2.0, 5.2, kanye no-9.1 gm-2, ngokulandelana.Ngendlela efanayo, ukushuba kwe-nanofiber mat kunyuswe ku-0.2, 1.0, 2.5, no-4.8 gm-2, ngokulandelana.Ama-Microfiber kanye nama-nanofiber mats akhethwe ngamavelu awo okujiya (gm-2) njengalokhu: M0.2, M2.0, M5.2 kanye ne-M9.1, kanye ne-N0.2, N1.0, N2.5 kanye ne-N4. 8.
Umehluko wengcindezi yomoya (ΔP) wesampula yonke iyinkomba ebalulekile yokusebenza kwesihlungi.[9] Ukuphefumula ngesihlungi esinomfutho ophansi wengcindezi akulula kumsebenzisi.Ngokwemvelo, kuyabonakala ukuthi ukwehla kwengcindezi kuyanda njengoba ukushuba kwesihlungi kukhula, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso S3, ulwazi olusekelayo.I-nanofiber mat (N4.8) ikhombisa ukwehla kwengcindezi ephakeme kune-microfiber (M5.2) mat ngogqinsi oluqhathanisekayo ngoba i-nanofiber mat inezimbotshana ezincane.Njengoba umoya udlula esihlungini ngesivinini esiphakathi kuka-0.5 no-13.2 ms-1, ukwehla kokucindezela kwezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zokuhlunga kancane kancane kukhuphuka kusuka ku-101 Pa kuya ku-102 Pa. Ubukhulu kufanele bulungiselelwe ukulinganisa ukwehla kwengcindezi nokususwa kwe-PM. ukusebenza kahle;isivinini somoya esingu-1.0 ms-1 sinengqondo ngoba isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze abantu baphefumule ngomlomo sicishe sibe ngu-1.3 ms-1.[10] Mayelana nalokhu, ukwehla kwengcindezi ye-M5.2 ne-N4.8 kuyamukeleka ngesivinini somoya esingu-1.0 ms-1 (ngaphansi kuka-50 Pa) (Umfanekiso S4, ulwazi olusekelayo).Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukwehla kwengcindezi ye-N95 kanye nemaski afanayo nesihlungi se-Korean (KF94) ngu-50 kuya ku-70 Pa, ngokulandelanayo.Ukucubungula okwengeziwe kwe-CSW kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwesihlungi se-micro/nano kungakhuphula ukumelana komoya;ngakho-ke, ukuze sinikeze umkhawulo wokwehla kwengcindezi, sihlaziye i-N2.5 ne-M2.0 ngaphambi kokuhlaziya i-M5.2 ne-N4.8.
Ngesivinini somoya esihlosiwe esingu-1.0 ms-1, ukusebenza kahle kokususwa kwe-PM1.0, PM2.5, kanye ne-PM10 ye-PBS microfiber namacansi e-nanofiber kwacwaningwa ngaphandle kokushaja okumile (Umfanekiso S5, ulwazi olusekelayo).Kuyaqashelwa ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kokususa kwe-PM kuvame ukukhuphuka ngokwanda kogqinsi nosayizi we-PM.Ukusebenza kahle kokususa kwe-N2.5 kungcono kune-M2.0 ngenxa yezimbotshana zayo ezincane.Ukusebenza kahle kokususwa kwe-M2.0 ku-PM1.0, PM2.5 kanye ne-PM10 bekungu-55.5%, 64.6% no-78.8%, ngokulandelana, kuyilapho amanani afanayo e-N2.5 ayengu-71.9%, 80.1% no-89.6% (Umfanekiso 2f).Siqaphele ukuthi umehluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle phakathi kwe-M2.0 ne-N2.5 yi-PM1.0, okubonisa ukuthi ukusefa ngokomzimba kwe-microfiber mesh kusebenza kahle ku-PM yezinga le-micron, kodwa akusebenzi ku-nano-level PM (Figure S6, ulwazi olusekelayo)., i-M2.0 kanye ne-N2.5 zombili zibonisa ikhono lokuthwebula le-PM eliphansi elingaphansi kuka-90%.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-N2.5 ingase ihlaselwe kalula uthuli kune-M2.0, ngoba izinhlayiya zothuli zingavimba kalula izimbotshana ezincane ze-N2.5.Uma ingekho inkokhiso emile, ukusefa ngokomzimba kulinganiselwe ekhonweni lakho lokufinyelela ukwehla kwengcindezi edingekayo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokususa ngesikhathi esifanayo ngenxa yobudlelwano bokuhwebelana phakathi kwabo.
I-Electrostatic adsorption iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokuthwebula i-PM ngendlela ephumelelayo.[11] Ngokuvamile, inkokhiso emile isetshenziswa ngenkani kusihlungi esingalukiwe ngenkundla kagesi enamandla amakhulu;kodwa-ke, le nkokhelo emile ihlakazeka kalula ngaphansi kwezimo ezinomswakama, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwekhono lokuthwebula kwe-PM.[4] Njengento esekelwe ku-bio yokuhlunga kwe-electrostatic, sethule i-200 nm ubude ne-40 nm ububanzi CsW;ngenxa yamaqembu abo e-ammonium kanye namaqembu e-polar amide, lawa ma-nanowhisker aqukethe amanani angapheli we-cationic.Inkokhelo ekhona etholakalayo ebusweni be-CsW imelwe amandla ayo e-zeta (ZP);I-CsW ihlakazeka emanzini nge-pH engu-4.8, futhi i-ZP yabo itholakala ingu-+49.8 mV (Umfanekiso S7, ulwazi olusekelayo).
I-CsW-coated PBS microfibers (ChMs) kanye nama-nanofibers (ChNs) alungiswe nge-dip coating elula ku-0.2 wt% CsW water dispersion, okuwukugxila okufanele ukunamathisela inani eliphakeme lama-CsWs ebusweni bemicu ye-PBS, njengoba kuboniswe ku- umfanekiso oboniswe kuMfanekiso 3a kanye noMfanekiso S8, ulwazi olusekelayo.Isithombe se-X-ray ye-nitrogen energy dispersive X-ray sibonisa ukuthi ingaphezulu le-PBS fibre limbozwe ngokufanayo nezinhlayiya ze-CsW, okubonakala futhi esithombeni se-electron microscope (SEM) yokuskena (Umfanekiso 3b; Umfanekiso S9, ulwazi olusekelayo) .Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela yokumboza yenza ama-nanomaterials akhokhiswe ukuthi asonge kahle i-fiber surface, ngaleyo ndlela akhulise amandla okususwa kwe-electrostatic PM (Figure S10, ulwazi olusekelayo).
Ukusebenza kahle kokususwa kwe-PM kwe-ChM ne-ChN kwacwaningwa (Umfanekiso 3c).I-M2.0 ne-N2.5 zahlanganiswa ne-CSW ukuze zikhiqize i-ChM2.0 ne-ChN2.5, ngokulandelana.Ukusebenza kahle kokususwa kwe-ChM2.0 ku-PM1.0, PM2.5 kanye ne-PM10 bekungu-70.1%, 78.8% no-86.3%, ngokulandelana, kuyilapho amanani afanayo e-ChN2.5 ayengu-77.0%, 87.7% no-94.6% ngokulandelanayo.Ukufakwa kwe-CSW kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokususa kwe-M2.0 ne-N2.5, futhi umphumela obonwa ku-PM encane kancane ubaluleke kakhulu.Ikakhulukazi, ama-chitosan nanowhiskers andise ukusebenza kahle kokususa kwe-M2.0′s PM0.5 kanye ne-PM1.0 ngo-15% no-13%, ngokulandelana (Umfanekiso S11, ulwazi olusekelayo).Nakuba i-M2.0 inzima ukungayifaki i-PM1.0 encane ngenxa yesikhala sayo esibanzi se-fibril (Umfanekiso 2c), i-ChM2.0 ikhangisa i-PM1.0 ngoba ama-cations nama-amide kuma-CsWs adlula ku-ion-ion, ehlanganisa ukusebenzisana kwe-Pole-ion , kanye nokusebenzisana kwe-dipole-dipole nothuli.Ngenxa yokwembozwa kwayo kwe-CSW, ukusebenza kahle kokususwa kwe-PM kwe-ChM2.0 kanye ne-ChN2.5 kuphezulu njengalokho kokujiya kwe-M5.2 ne-N4.8 (Ithebula S3, ulwazi olusekelayo).
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi nakuba ukusebenza kahle kokususwa kwe-PM kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, ukunamathela kwe-CSW akuthinti neze ukwehla kwengcindezi.Ukwehla kwengcindezi ye-ChM2.0 ne-ChN2.5 kukhuphuke kancane ku-15 no-23 Pa, cishe ingxenye yokwanda okuphawulwe ku-M5.2 ne-N4.8 (Umfanekiso 3d; Ithebula S3, ulwazi olusekelayo).Ngakho-ke, ukugqoka ngezinto ezisekelwe ku-bio kuyindlela efanelekile yokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza zezihlungi ezimbili eziyisisekelo;okungukuthi, ukusebenza kahle kokususwa kwe-PM kanye nomehluko wokucindezela komoya, okuyizinto ezifanayo.Nokho, ukusebenza kahle kwe-PM1.0 kanye ne-PM2.5 kwe-ChM2.0 kanye ne-ChN2.5 kokubili kungaphansi kuka-90%;ngokusobala, lokhu kusebenza kudinga ukuthuthukiswa.
Uhlelo oludidiyelwe lokuhlunga olwakhiwe ulwelwesi oluningi olushintsha kancane kancane amadayimitha efiber namasayizi we-pore lungaxazulula izinkinga ezingenhla [12].Isihlungi somoya esididiyelwe sinezinzuzo zama-nanofibers amabili ahlukene kanye namanethi e-fiber acwebile.Mayelana nalokhu, i-ChM ne-ChN zimane zipakishwe ukuze kukhiqizwe izihlungi ezihlanganisiwe (Int-MNs).Isibonelo, i-Int-MN4.5 ilungiswa kusetshenziswa i-ChM2.0 ne-ChN2.5, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kuqhathaniswa ne-ChN4.8 ne-ChM5.2 ezinokuminyana kwendawo efanayo (okungukuthi ukujiya).Ocwaningweni olusebenza kahle lokususwa kwe-PM, uhlangothi lwefayibha ye-ultrafine ye-Int-MN4.5 luye lwavezwa egumbini elinothuli ngoba uhlangothi lwefayibha ye-ultrafine belumelana kakhulu nokuvala kunohlangothi lwe-nanofiber.Njengoba kuboniswe ku-Figure 4a, i-Int-MN4.5 ibonisa ukusebenza kahle kokususwa kwe-PM kanye nomehluko wengcindezi kunezihlungi ezimbili ze-single-component, ezinokwehla kwengcindezi ye-37 Pa, efana ne-ChM5.2 futhi ephansi kakhulu kune-ChM5.2 ChN4.8. Ukwengeza, ukusebenza kahle kwe-PM1.0 kwe-Int-MN4.5 ngama-91% (Umfanekiso 4b).Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-ChM5.2 ayizange ibonise ukusebenza kahle kokususwa kwe-PM1.0 okuphezulu kangako ngoba izimbobo zayo zikhulu kunalezo ze-Int-MN4.5.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-03-2021
