Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa bulindeleke ukuba bube yinguqu kwinkalo yokhathalelo lwempilo.Ke oogqirha kunye nezigulana bazuza njani kwimpembelelo yezixhobo eziqhutywa yi-AI?
Ishishini lanamhlanje lezempilo likhule kakhulu kwaye linokwenza utshintsho olukhulu.Ukusuka kwizifo ezingapheliyo kunye nomhlaza ukuya kwi-radiology kunye novavanyo lomngcipheko, ishishini lokhathalelo lwempilo libonakala linamathuba amaninzi okusebenzisa itekhnoloji ukuhambisa ungenelelo oluchanekileyo, olusebenzayo nolusebenzayo kukhathalelo lwesigulane.
Ngophuhliso lwetheknoloji, izigulane zineemfuno eziphezulu kunye neziphezulu koogqirha, kwaye inani ledatha ekhoyo liqhubeka likhula ngesantya esothusayo.Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa buya kuba yinjini yokukhuthaza ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokhathalelo lwezonyango.
Xa kuthelekiswa nohlalutyo lwemveli kunye neteknoloji yokwenza izigqibo zeklinikhi, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa buneenzuzo ezininzi.Xa i-algorithm yokufunda isebenzisana nedatha yoqeqesho, inokuchaneka ngakumbi, ivumela oogqirha ukuba bafumane iingqiqo ezingazange zibonwe ngaphambili malunga nokuxilongwa, inkqubo yokonga, ukuhluka kwonyango kunye neziphumo zesigulane.
Kwi-2018 World intelligence intelligence innovation forum (wmif) ebanjwe yi-Partners Healthcare, abaphandi bezonyango kunye neengcali zeklinikhi bachaza ngokubanzi iteknoloji kunye neenkalo zoshishino lwezonyango ezinokuthi zibe nefuthe elibalulekileyo ekwamkelweni kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kwelandelayo. ishumi leminyaka.
U-Anne kiblanksi, MD, usihlalo we-CO we-wmif ngo-2018, kunye noGregg Meyer, MD, igosa eliyintloko lezemfundo le-Partner Healthcare, bathi olu hlobo "lokuguqulwa" olulethwe kuyo yonke indawo yoshishino lunakho ukuzisa inzuzo ebalulekileyo kwizigulane kwaye lubanzi. Ukuphumelela kweshishini.
Ngoncedo lweengcali ezivela kumaqabane okunakekelwa kwezempilo, kuquka uDkt. Keith Dreyer, uProfesa we-Harvard Medical School (HMS), igosa eliyintloko lesayensi yedatha yamaqabane, kunye noDkt Katherine andreole, umlawuli wesicwangciso sophando kunye nokusebenza kwi-Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) , ucebise iindlela ze-12 ukuba i-AI iya kuguqula iinkonzo zonyango kunye nesayensi.
1.Manyanisa ukucinga kunye nomatshini ngokusebenzisa ujongano lwekhompyuter yengqondo
Ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha ukunxibelelana akuyona ingcamango entsha, kodwa ukudala ujongano oluthe ngqo phakathi kweteknoloji kunye nokucinga komntu ngaphandle kwekhibhodi, imouse kunye nomboniso yintsimi yophando lwemida, enesicelo esibalulekileyo kwezinye izigulane.
Izifo zenkqubo ye-nervous kunye ne-trauma zingenza ezinye izigulane zilahlekelwe amandla engxoxo enentsingiselo, ukunyakaza kunye nokusebenzisana nabanye kunye nendawo yabo.I-Brain computer interface (BCI) exhaswa yi-intelligence intelligence inokubuyisela loo mava asisiseko kwizigulane ezinexhala lokulahlekelwa le misebenzi ngonaphakade.
"Ukuba ndibona isigulana kwiyunithi yokhathalelo olunzulu lwe-neurology ophulukene ngokukhawuleza namandla okwenza okanye ukuthetha, ndiyathemba ukubuyisela amandla akhe okunxibelelana ngosuku olulandelayo," utshilo uLeigh Hochberg, MD, umlawuli weziko le-neurotechnology kunye ne-neurorehabilitation. Isibhedlele saseMassachusetts General (MGH).Ngokusebenzisa ujongano lwekhompyuter yengqondo (BCI) kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, sinokuvula imithambo-luvo ehambelana nokushukuma kwesandla, kwaye kufuneka sikwazi ukwenza isigulana sinxibelelane nabanye ubuncinci amaxesha amahlanu ngexesha lomsebenzi wonke, njengokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano olubiquitous enjalo. njengeekhompyuter zethebhulethi okanye iifowuni eziphathwayo."
I-computer ye-Brain interface inokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bezigulane ezine-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), i-stroke okanye i-atresia syndrome, kunye nezigulane ze-500000 ezinokulimala kwe-spinal cord emhlabeni wonke ngonyaka.
2.Phuhlisa isizukulwana esilandelayo sezixhobo zemitha
Imifanekiso yemitha efunyenwe nge-imaging resonance imaging (MRI), i-CT scanners, kunye ne-X-rays ibonelela ngokungabonakali okungabonakaliyo ngaphakathi emzimbeni womntu.Nangona kunjalo, iinkqubo ezininzi zokuxilonga zisaxhomekeke kwiisampulu zezicubu zomzimba ezifunyenwe yi-biopsy, enomngcipheko wosulelo.
Iingcali ziqikelela ukuba kwezinye iimeko, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa buya kwenza ukuba isizukulwana esilandelayo sezixhobo zeRadiology zichaneke kwaye zichazwe ngokwaneleyo ukuze zithathe indawo yemfuno yeesampulu zezicubu eziphilayo.
U-Alexandra golby, MD, umlawuli we-neurosurgery ekhokelwa ngumfanekiso kwisibhedlele saseBrigham Women's Hospital (BWh), uthe, "sifuna ukuzisa iqela lokuxilonga kunye noogqirha botyando okanye i-radiologists kunye nee-pathologists, kodwa ngumceli mngeni omkhulu kumaqela ahlukeneyo ukuphumeza intsebenziswano. kunye nokuhambelana kweenjongo.
Impumelelo kule nkqubo inokwenza ukuba oogqirha baqonde ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwe-tumor, kunokuba benze izigqibo zonyango ngokusekelwe kwinxalenye encinci yeempawu ze-tumor enobungozi.
I-AI inokuchaza ngcono ukuhlaselwa komhlaza, kwaye imisele ngokufanelekileyo ujoliso lonyango.Ukongeza, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa bunceda ukuqonda "i-biopsy ebonakalayo" kunye nokukhuthaza ukutsha kwinkalo yeRadiology, ezinikele ekusebenziseni i-algorithms esekwe kumfanekiso ukubonisa iimpawu zephenotypic kunye nemfuza yamathumba.
3.Ukwandisa iinkonzo zonyango kwiindawo ezingagcinwanga okanye eziphuhlisayo
Ukunqongophala kwababoneleli bezempilo abaqeqeshiweyo kumazwe asakhasayo, kuquka iingcali ze<em>ultrasound neengcali ze<em>radiologists, kuya kuwanciphisa kakhulu amathuba okusebenzisa iinkonzo zonyango ukuze kusindiswe ubomi bezigulana.
Le ntlanganiso yalatha ukuba zininzi iingcali zeradiology ezisebenza kwizibhedlele ezithandathu eBoston ezineLongwood Avenue yodumo kunazo zonke izibhedlele zaseNtshona Afrika.
Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa bunokunceda ukunciphisa impembelelo yokunqongophala okubalulekileyo koogqirha ngokuthatha uxanduva lokuxilonga oludla ngokunikwa abantu.
Ngokomzekelo, isixhobo sokucinga se-AI sinokusebenzisa i-X-ray yesifuba ukuhlola iimpawu zesifo sofuba, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuchaneka okufanayo njengogqirha.Olu phawu lunokusasazwa ngesicelo sababoneleli kwiindawo ezihlwempuzekileyo zezibonelelo, ukunciphisa imfuno yeeradiologists ezinamava zokuxilonga.
"Obu buchwepheshe bunamandla amakhulu okuphucula ukhathalelo lwezempilo," utshilo uGqr. jayashree kalpathy Cramer, umncedisi we-neuroscience kunye noprofesa odibeneyo weRadiology kwi-Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)
Nangona kunjalo, abaphuhlisi be-algorithm ye-AI kufuneka baqwalasele ngononophelo into yokuba abantu bezizwe ezahlukeneyo okanye imimandla banokuba nezinto ezizodwa ze-physiological kunye nezokusingqongileyo, ezinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwesi sifo.
"Ngokomzekelo, abantu abachatshazelwe sisifo eIndiya banokwahluka kakhulu kwelaseUnited States," utshilo.Xa siphuhlisa ezi algorithms, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba idatha imele unikezelo lwesifo kunye nokwahluka kwabantu.Asikwazi nje ukuphuhlisa i-algorithms esekwe kuluntu olunye, kodwa sinethemba lokuba inokudlala indima kwabanye abantu."
4.Ukunciphisa umthwalo wokusetyenziswa kweerekhodi zempilo zombane
Irekhodi yezempilo ye-elektroniki (yakhe) idlale indima ebalulekileyo kuhambo lwedijithali lweshishini lokhathalelo lwempilo, kodwa olu tshintsho luzise iingxaki ezininzi ezinxulumene nokugcwala kwengqondo, amaxwebhu angapheliyo kunye nokudinwa kwabasebenzisi.
Abaphuhlisi berekhodi yezempilo ye-elektroniki (yakhe) ngoku basebenzisa ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa ukwenza ujongano olucacileyo kunye neendlela ezizenzekelayo ezithatha ixesha elininzi lomsebenzisi.
UDkt Adam Landman, usekela-mongameli kunye negosa eliyintloko lolwazi lwezempilo yaseBrigham, uthe abasebenzisi bachitha ixesha labo elininzi kwimisebenzi emithathu: amaxwebhu eklinikhi, ukungena kwe-oda, kunye nokuhlelwa kweebhokisi zabo.Ukuqatshelwa kwentetho kunye nokuyalela kunokunceda ukuphucula ukusetyenzwa kwamaxwebhu eklinikhi, kodwa izixhobo zokusetyenzwa kolwimi lwendalo (NLP) zisenokungonelanga.
“Ndicinga ukuba kungafuneka ukuba nesibindi ngakumbi kwaye sithathele ingqalelo ezinye iinguqu, ezifana nokusebenzisa ukurekhodwa kwevidiyo kunyango lwezonyango, njengamapolisa anxiba iikhamera,” utshilo uLandman.Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nokufunda koomatshini emva koko kunokusetyenziswa ukubonisa ezi vidiyo ukuze zibuyiswe kwixesha elizayo.Kanye njengoSiri no-Alexa, abasebenzisa abancedisi bobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ekhaya, abancedisi abanyanisekileyo baya kuziswa ecaleni kwebhedi yezigulane kwixesha elizayo, bevumela oogqirha ukuba basebenzise ubukrelekrele obufakwe ngaphakathi ukuze bafake iiodolo zonyango."
I-AI inokunceda ukusingatha izicelo zesiqhelo ezivela kwiibhokisi zemiyalezo engenayo, ezifana nezongezelelo zamachiza kunye nokwaziswa kweziphumo.Kusenokunceda ukubeka phambili imisebenzi efuna ngokwenene ukuhoywa koogqirha, ukwenza kube lula kwizigulane ukuba ziqhubele phambili uluhlu lwezinto eziza kwenziwa, wongezelela uLandman.
5.Ingozi yokunganyangeki ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-antibiotics kuyingozi ekhulayo ebantwini, kuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezi ziyobisi eziphambili kunokukhokelela ekuguqukeni kwe-superbacteria engasaphenduliyo kunyango.Iibhaktheriya ezininzi ezinganyangekiyo ngamachiza zinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwindawo yesibhedlele, zibulale amashumi amawaka ezigulane minyaka le.I-Clostridium difficile iyodwa ixabisa malunga ne-5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka kwinkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo yase-US kwaye ibangela ukufa okungaphezulu kwe-30000.
Idatha ye-EHR inceda ukuchonga iipateni zosulelo kwaye iqaqambise umngcipheko phambi kokuba isigulana siqale ukubonisa iimpawu.Ukusebenzisa umatshini wokufunda kunye nezixhobo zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ukuqhuba olu hlalutyo kunokuphucula ukuchaneka kwabo kunye nokwenza izilumkiso ezikhawulezayo nezichanekileyo kubaboneleli bezempilo.
"Izixhobo zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ziyakwazi ukuhlangabezana nokulindela ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kunye nokuchasana ne-antibiotic," kusho uDkt Erica Shenoy, usekela-mlawuli wolawulo lwentsholongwane kwi-Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH).Ukuba abakwenzi oko, wonke umntu uya kusilela.Ngenxa yokuba izibhedlele zineenkcukacha ezininzi ze-EHR, ukuba aziyisebenzisi ngokupheleleyo, ukuba azenzi amashishini ahlakaniphile kwaye akhawulezayo kuyilo lovavanyo lweklinikhi, kwaye ukuba abasebenzisi ii-EHRs ezidala ezi datha, baya kujongana nokusilela."
6.Yenza uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo ngakumbi kwimifanekiso ye-pathological
UDkt. Jeffrey golden, intloko yesebe le-pathology kwisibhedlele sabasetyhini baseBrigham (BWh) kunye noprofesa we-pathology kwi-HMS, wathi i-pathologists inika enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zedatha yokuxilonga uluhlu olupheleleyo lwababoneleli benkonzo yezonyango.
"I-70% yezigqibo zezempilo zisekelwe kwiziphumo ze-pathological, kwaye phakathi kwe-70% kunye ne-75% yazo zonke iinkcukacha kwi-EHRs zivela kwiziphumo ze-pathological," watsho.Kwaye iziphumo zichaneka ngakumbi, ngokukhawuleza ukuxilongwa okuchanekileyo kuya kwenziwa.Le yinjongo yokuba i-digital pathology kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa bunethuba lokuyifeza."
Uhlalutyo olunzulu lwenqanaba le-pixel kwimifanekiso emikhulu yedijithali lwenza oogqirha baqaphele iiyantlukwano ezifihlakeleyo ezinokuthi zibaleke emehlweni abantu.
“Ngoku sifikelele kwinqanaba lokuba sivavanye ngcono ukuba umhlaza uzakukhula ngokukhawuleza okanye kancinci, kunye nendlela yokutshintsha unyango lwezigulana ngokusekwe kwi-algorithms kunezigaba zeklinikhi okanye ukuhlelwa kwe-histopathological,” utshilo uGolden.Iya kuba linyathelo elikhulu ukuya phambili."
Wongezelela wathi, "I-AI inokuphucula imveliso ngokuchonga iimpawu zomdla kwiislayidi ngaphambi kokuba oogqirha bahlaziye idatha. I-AI inokucoca ngeesilayidi kwaye isikhokele ukuba sibone umxholo ochanekileyo ukuze sikwazi ukuvavanya oko kubalulekile kunye noko kungenjalo. Oku kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwee-pathologists kunye nokwandisa ixabiso lokufunda kwabo kwimeko nganye.
Zisa ubukrelekrele kwizixhobo zonyango kunye noomatshini
Izixhobo ezihlakaniphile zithatha indawo yabathengi kwaye zibonelela ngezixhobo ukusuka kwividiyo yexesha langempela ngaphakathi kwefriji ukuya kwiimoto ezibona ukuphazamiseka kwabaqhubi.
Kwimeko yonyango, izixhobo ezikrelekrele zibalulekile ekubekeni iliso kwizigulane kwii-ICU nakwezinye iindawo.Ukusetyenziswa kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ukuphucula ukukwazi ukuchonga ukuwohloka kwemeko, njengokubonisa ukuba i-sepsis iyaphuhla, okanye imbono yeengxaki inokuphucula kakhulu iziphumo kwaye inokunciphisa iindleko zonyango.
"Xa sithetha ngokudibanisa idatha eyahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo, kufuneka sidibanise kwaye silumkise oogqirha be-ICU ukuba bangenelele kwangoko, kwaye ukudityaniswa kwezi datha ayisiyonto ilungileyo enokwenziwa ngoogqirha babantu," utshilo uMichalski. , umlawuli olawulayo weZiko leSayensi yedatha yeklinikhi kwi-BWh.Ukufaka i-smart algorithms kwezi zixhobo kunciphisa umthwalo wokuqonda koogqirha kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba izigulane ziphathwa ngokukhawuleza."
8.ukukhuthaza unyango lwe-immunotherapy kunyango lomhlaza
Immunotherapy yenye yezona ndlela zithembisayo zokunyanga umhlaza.Ngokusebenzisa amajoni omzimba ukuze ahlasele amathumba ayingozi, izigulana zisenokukwazi ukoyisa amathumba anenkani.Nangona kunjalo, kuphela izigulane ezimbalwa ezisabelayo kwi-regimen yangoku ye-immunotherapy, kwaye i-oncologists ayinayo indlela echanekileyo kunye nethembekileyo yokumisela ukuba zeziphi izigulane eziza kuzuza kwirejimeni.
I-algorithms yokufunda koomatshini kunye nokukwazi kwabo ukudibanisa iiseti zedatha ezinzima kakhulu zinokukwazi ukucacisa uhlobo olulodwa lokwakhiwa kwabantu kunye nokubonelela ngeendlela ezintsha zonyango ekujoliswe kuzo.
Kutshanje, olona phuhliso luvuyisayo luyi-checkpoint inhibitors, evimba iiproteni eziveliswa ngamaseli athile omzimba,” kuchaza uGqr long Le, umlawuli we-computational pathology kunye nophuhliso lobuchwepheshe kwiziko elibanzi lokuxilonga iMassachusetts General Hospital (MGH).Kodwa asikaqondi zonke iingxaki, nto leyo entsonkothileyo kakhulu.Ngokuqinisekileyo sifuna idatha yesigulane.Olu nyango lulutsha, ngoko ke azininzi izigulana eziluthathayo.Ngoko ke, nokuba sifuna ukudibanisa idatha ngaphakathi kwintlangano okanye kwimibutho emininzi, kuya kuba yinto ephambili ekunyuseni inani lezigulane ukuqhuba inkqubo yokumisela."
9.Jika iirekhodi zempilo zombane zibe ziingqikelelo ezithembekileyo zengozi
Ingxelo yezempilo ye-elektroniki (yakhe) bubuncwane bedatha yesigulane, kodwa ngumngeni oqhubekayo kubaboneleli kunye nabaphuhlisi ukuba bakhuphe kwaye bahlalutye ulwazi oluninzi ngendlela echanekileyo, ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye ethembekileyo.
Umgangatho wedatha kunye neengxaki zemfezeko, kunye nokudideka kwefomathi yedatha, igalelo elicwangcisiweyo kunye elingacwangciswanga kunye neerekhodi ezingaphelelanga, zenza kube nzima kubantu ukuba baqonde ngokuchanekileyo indlela yokwenza ukuhlelwa komngcipheko okunentsingiselo, uhlalutyo oluqikelelweyo kunye nenkxaso yesigqibo seklinikhi.
UDkt. Ziad OBERMEYER, uprofesa oncedisayo weyeza eziphuthumayo kwisibhedlele sabasetyhini baseBrigham (BWh) kunye noprofesa oncedisayo kwi-Harvard Medical School (HMS), wathi, "kukho umsebenzi onzima wokudibanisa idatha kwindawo enye. Kodwa enye ingxaki kukuqonda yintoni abantu abayifumanayo xa beqikelela isifo kwirekhodi yezempilo ye-elektroniki (yena) Abantu banokuva ukuba i-artificial intelligence algorithms inokuqikelela ukudakumba okanye i-stroke, kodwa bafumanise ukuba eneneni baqikelela ukonyuka kweendleko ze-stroke.Yahluke kakhulu kwi-stroke. uzibethe ngokwakhe. "
Waqhubeka wathi, "ukuthembela kwiziphumo ze-MRI kubonakala kunika isethi yedatha ecacileyo. Kodwa ngoku kufuneka sicinge malunga nokuba ngubani onokukwazi ukufumana i-MRI? Ngoko ukubikezelwa kokugqibela akusona siphumo esilindelekileyo. "
Uhlalutyo lwe-NMR luvelise izixhobo ezininzi eziyimpumelelo zokufumana amanqaku kunye nokuhlelwa komngcipheko, ngakumbi xa abaphandi besebenzisa ubuchule bokufunda obunzulu ukuchonga unxibelelwano olutsha phakathi kweeseti zedatha ezibonakala zinganxulumananga.
Nangona kunjalo, u-OBERMEYER ukholelwa ukuba ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi algorithms azichongi ucalucalulo olufihliweyo kwidatha kubalulekile ekusetyenzisweni kwezixhobo ezinokuphucula ngokwenene ukhathalelo lwezonyango.
“Owona mceli mngeni mkhulu kukuqinisekisa ukuba siyayazi ngqo into ebesiyiqikelele phambi kokuba siqale ukuvula ibhokisi emnyama kwaye sijonge indlela yokuqikelela,” utshilo.
10.Ukubeka iliso kwimeko yempilo ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezinxitywayo kunye nezixhobo zomntu
Phantse bonke abathengi ngoku banokusebenzisa izinzwa ukuqokelela idatha malunga nexabiso lezempilo.Ukusuka kwii-smartphones ezinenyathelo lokulandelela ukuya kwizixhobo ezinxitywayo ezilandelela izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo imini yonke, ngakumbi nangakumbi idatha enxulumene nempilo inokuveliswa nangaliphi na ixesha.
Ukuqokelela kunye nokuhlalutya le datha kunye nokuncedisa ulwazi olunikezwa zizigulane ngokusebenzisa izicelo kunye nezinye izixhobo zokubeka iliso ekhaya kunokubonelela ngombono okhethekileyo kwimpilo yomntu kunye nesihlwele.
I-AI iya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufumaneni ulwazi olusebenzayo kolu lwazi lukhulu nolwahlukeneyo.
Kodwa uGqr Omar arnout, i-neurosurgeon kwisibhedlele sabasetyhini baseBrigham (BWh), umlawuli we-CO weziko leziphumo ze-neuroscience ze-computational, wathi kungathatha umsebenzi owongezelelweyo ukunceda izigulane ziqhelane nale datha esondeleyo, eqhubekayo yokubeka iliso.
“Besikade sikhululekile ukwenza idatha yedijithali,” utshilo.Kodwa njengoko ukuvuza kwedatha kwenzeka kuhlalutyo lweCambridge kunye noFacebook, abantu baya kulumka ngakumbi malunga nokuba ngubani ozakwabelana ngedatha ababelana ngayo."
Izigulane zivame ukuthembela oogqirha babo ngaphezu kweenkampani ezinkulu ezifana ne-Facebook, wongezelela, oko kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukungonwabi kokubonelela ngedatha kwiinkqubo zophando ezinkulu.
"Kusenokwenzeka ukuba idatha enxibekayo iya kuba nempembelelo enkulu kuba ingqalelo yabantu iyenzeka ngengozi kwaye idatha eqokelelweyo irhabaxa kakhulu," utshilo u-arnout.Ngokuqhubeka nokuqokelela idatha yegranular, idatha inokuthi incede oogqirha ukuba banakekele ngcono izigulane."
11.yenza ii-smart phones isixhobo esinamandla sokuxilonga
Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba imifanekiso efunyenwe kwii-smart phones kunye nezinye izibonelelo zenqanaba labathengi ziya kuba luncedo olubalulekileyo kwi-imaging yekhwalithi yekliniki, ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezingagcinwanga okanye kumazwe asakhulayo, ngokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa imisebenzi enamandla yezixhobo eziphathekayo.
Umgangatho wekhamera yeselula uphucula minyaka yonke, kwaye unokuvelisa imifanekiso engasetyenziselwa uhlalutyo lwe-algorithm ye-AI.I-Dermatology kunye ne-ophthalmology ngabaxhamli bokuqala kulo mkhwa.
Abaphandi baseBritani baye bavelisa isixhobo sokuchonga izifo ezikhulayo ngokuhlalutya imifanekiso yobuso babantwana.I-algorithm inokubona iimpawu ezicacileyo, ezifana nomgca we-mandible wabantwana, indawo yamehlo kunye nempumlo, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinokubonisa ukungahambi kakuhle kobuso.Okwangoku, isixhobo sinokuhambelana nemifanekiso eqhelekileyo kunye nezifo ezingaphezu kwe-90 ukubonelela ngenkxaso yesigqibo seklinikhi.
UGqr Hadi shafiee, umlawuli weyeza elincinci / le-nano kunye nelebhu yezempilo yedijithali kwisibhedlele sabasetyhini saseBrigham (BWh), uthe: "uninzi lwabantu luxhotyiswe ngeeselfowuni ezinamandla ezinezinzwa ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezakhiweyo. Lithuba elihle kuthi. Phantse bonke Abadlali beshishini baqalise ukwakha isoftware ye-Ai kunye nehardware kwizixhobo zabo.Ayiyonto yanto.. Kwihlabathi lethu ledijithali, ngaphezu kwe-2.5 yezigidi zeeterabytes zedatha ziveliswa yonke imihla. Kwinkalo yeefowuni eziphathwayo, abavelisi bakholelwa ukuba banokuyisebenzisa le nto. idatha yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zobuqu, ezikhawulezayo nezikrelekrele ngakumbi. "
Ukusebenzisa iifowuni ezihlakaniphile ukuqokelela imifanekiso yamehlo ezigulane, izilonda zesikhumba, izilonda, izifo, iziyobisi okanye ezinye izifundo zinokunceda ukujongana nokunqongophala kweengcali kwiindawo ezingagcinwanga, ngelixa ukunciphisa ixesha lokuxilonga izikhalazo ezithile.
"Kunokubakho iziganeko ezinkulu kwixesha elizayo, kwaye singasebenzisa eli thuba ukusombulula iingxaki ezibalulekileyo zolawulo lwezifo kwindawo yokunyamekela," utshilo u-shafiee.
12.Ukwenziwa kwezigqibo zeklinikhi ezintsha kunye nebhedi ye-AI
Njengoko ishishini lokhathalelo lwempilo liguqukela kwiinkonzo ezisekelwe kwintlawulo, liya lisiba kude nokhathalelo lwezempilo olungenamsebenzi.Ukuthintela phambi kwesifo esingapheliyo, iziganeko zesifo esibuhlungu kunye nokuwohloka ngokukhawuleza yinjongo yomboneleli ngamnye, kwaye isakhiwo sembuyekezo ekugqibeleni sibavumela ukuba baphuhlise iinkqubo ezinokufikelela kungenelelo olusebenzayo kunye noluqikelelo.
Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa buya kubonelela ngobuchwephesha obuninzi obusisiseko kule nguqu, ngokuxhasa uhlalutyo oluqikelelweyo kunye nezixhobo zokuxhasa izigqibo zeklinikhi, ukusombulula iingxaki phambi kokuba ababoneleli baqonde isidingo sokuthatha inyathelo.Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa bunokubonelela ngesilumkiso kwangethuba kwisifo sokuxhuzula okanye i-sepsis, edla ngokufuna uhlalutyo olunzulu lweeseti zedatha ezintsonkothileyo.
UBrandon Westover, MD, umlawuli wedatha yeklinikhi kwiSibhedlele esiPhakathi saseMassachusetts (MGH), uthe ukufundwa komatshini kunokunceda ukuxhasa ukubonelela ngokuqhubekayo ngononophelo lwezigulane ezigula kakhulu, ezifana ne-coma emva kokubanjwa kwentliziyo.
Wachaza ukuba phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, oogqirha kufuneka bahlolisise idatha ye-EEG yezi gulane.Le nkqubo ithatha ixesha kwaye ixhomekeke, kwaye iziphumo zinokuhluka ngezakhono kunye namava onyango.
Uthe “Kwezi zigulana, umkhwa unokucotha.Ngamanye amaxesha xa oogqirha befuna ukubona ukuba umntu uyachacha, banokujonga idatha ebekwe esweni kanye ngemizuzwana eyi-10.Nangona kunjalo, ukubona ukuba itshintshile ukusuka kwimizuzwana ye-10 yedatha eqokelelwe kwiiyure ze-24 kufana nokujonga ukuba iinwele zikhulile okwangoku.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-algorithms yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nedatha enkulu evela kwizigulane ezininzi zisetyenzisiweyo, kuya kuba lula ukufanisa oko abantu bakubonayo kunye neepatheni zexesha elide, kunye nophuculo oluthile olufihlakeleyo lunokufunyanwa, oluya kuchaphazela izigqibo zoogqirha kubuhlengikazi. ."
Ukusebenzisa iteknoloji yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kwenkxaso yesigqibo seklinikhi, amanqaku omngcipheko kunye nesilumkiso kwangethuba yenye yezona ndawo zithembisayo zophuhliso lwale ndlela yohlaziyo lwedatha.
Ngokubonelela ngamandla kwisizukulwana esitsha sezixhobo kunye neenkqubo, oogqirha banokuqonda ngcono i-nuances yokugula, ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zobuhlengikazi ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki kwangaphambili.Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa buza kungenisa ixesha elitsha lokuphucula umgangatho wonyango lweklinikhi, kwaye zenze impumelelo enomdla kukhathalelo lwesigulane.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-06-2021
