Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Nā Mea Hana Kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻEnekinia Kimia, Ke Kulanui o ʻEpekema a me ʻenehana (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Repubalika o Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Nā Mea Hana Kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻEnekinia Kimia, Ke Kulanui o ʻEpekema a me ʻenehana (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Repubalika o Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Nā Mea Hana Kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻEnekinia Kimia, Ke Kulanui o ʻEpekema a me ʻenehana (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Repubalika o Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Nā Mea Hana Kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻEnekinia Kimia, Ke Kulanui o ʻEpekema a me ʻenehana (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Repubalika o Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Nā Mea Hana Kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻEnekinia Kimia, Ke Kulanui o ʻEpekema a me ʻenehana (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Repubalika o Korea
Korea Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Biobased Chemistry Research Center, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
Nā Mea Hana Kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻEnekinia Kimia, Ke Kulanui o ʻEpekema a me ʻenehana (UST), Daejeon, 34113 Repubalika o Korea
E hoʻohana i ka loulou ma lalo nei e kaʻana like i ka mana kikokikona piha o kēia ʻatikala me kāu mau hoaaloha a me nā hoa hana.aʻo hou mai.
Ma muli o ka maʻi maʻi coronavirus a me nā pilikia e pili ana i ka particulate matter (PM) i ka lewa, ua ulu nui ka noi no nā masks.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā kānana mask kuʻuna e pili ana i ka uila static a me ka sieve nano he mea hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohaumia a i ʻole recyclable, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā pilikia ʻōpala.Eia kekahi, e lilo ana ka mea mua i kāna hana ma lalo o nā kūlana humid, aʻo ka mea hope e hana me ka hāʻule nui o ka ea a me ka wikiwiki o ka pore clogging.Ma ʻaneʻi, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi kānana fiber mask biodegradable, moisture-proof, breathable, high-performance fiber mask filter.I ka pōkole, ua hoʻohui ʻia ʻelua mau ʻāpana ultrafine biodegradable a me nā moena nanofiber i loko o ka kānana membrane Janus, a laila uhi ʻia me nā nanowhiskers chitosan i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.He maikaʻi kēia kānana e like me ka kānana N95 kalepa a hiki ke wehe i 98.3% o 2.5 µm PM.Nānā kino nā Nanofibers i nā ʻāpana maikaʻi, a me nā fibers ultrafine e hāʻawi i kahi ʻokoʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o 59 Pa, kahi kūpono no ka hanu kanaka.Kūlike ʻole i ka emi ʻana o ka hana o nā kānana N95 pāʻoihana i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai i ka makū, ʻaʻole hiki ke nalowale ka hana o kēia kānana, no laila hiki ke hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka mea ʻo ka dipole mau o chitosan adsorbs ultrafine PM (no ka laʻana, nitrogen).A me ka sulfur oxides).He mea nui e hoʻopau loa kēia kānana i ka lepo compost i loko o 4 pule.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi coronavirus i loaʻa ʻole i kēia manawa (COVID-19) ke koi nui nei i nā masks.[1] Manaʻo ka World Health Organization (WHO) he 89 miliona mau maka lapaʻau e pono ai i kēlā me kēia mahina i kēia makahiki.[1] ʻAʻole wale nā limahana mālama ola e pono i nā masks N95 kiʻekiʻe, akā ua lilo nā masks maʻamau no kēlā me kēia kanaka i mea pono i kēlā me kēia lā no ka pale ʻana i kēia maʻi maʻi hanu.[1] Eia kekahi, ʻōlelo ikaika nā ʻoihana pili i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā masks disposable i kēlā me kēia lā, [1] ua alakaʻi kēia i nā pilikia kaiapuni e pili ana i ka nui o ka ʻōpala mask.
No ka mea ʻo ka particulate matter (PM) ka pilikia nui o ka pollution ea i kēia manawa, ua lilo nā masks i mea hoʻoponopono kūpono loa i loaʻa i nā poʻe.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo PM i PM2.5 a me PM10 e like me ka nui o ka ʻāpana (2.5 a me 10μm i kēlā me kēia), e hoʻopilikia nui i ke ʻano kūlohelohe [2] a me ka maikaʻi o ke ola kanaka ma nā ʻano like ʻole.[2] I kēlā me kēia makahiki, make ʻo PM i 4.2 miliona mau make a me 103.1 miliona mau makahiki i hoʻoponopono ʻia i ke kino kīnā.[2] He mea hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi ʻo PM2.5 i ke olakino a ua koho ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he carcinogen hui I.[2] No laila, ʻo ka manawa kūpono a me ka mea nui e noiʻi a hoʻomohala i kahi kānana mask pono e pili ana i ka ea permeability a me ka wehe ʻana o PM.[3]
Ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, hopu nā kānana fiber kuʻuna iā PM ma nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻelua: ma o ke kānana kino e pili ana i nā nanofibers a me ka adsorption electrostatic ma muli o nā microfibers (Figure 1a).ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kānana e pili ana i ka nanofiber, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā moena nanofiber electrospun, ua hōʻike ʻia he hoʻolālā kūpono e hoʻoneʻe i ka PM, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka waiwai a me ka hoʻolālā huahana hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia.[3] Hiki i ka moena nanofiber ke wehe i nā ʻāpana o ka nui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā ʻāpana a me nā pores.[3] Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā fibers nano-scale e hana i nā pores liʻiliʻi loa, he mea pōʻino i ka hanu ʻana o ke kanaka ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa pili kiʻekiʻe.Eia hou, e paʻa koke nā puka liʻiliʻi.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka meltblown ultra-fine fiber moena e electrostatically i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e kahi māla uila ikaika nui, a ua hopu ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi loa e ka electrostatic adsorption.[4] Ma ke ʻano he kumu hoʻohālike, ʻo ka respirator N95 he mea hoʻoheheʻe maka-maka-māka e hoʻokō i nā koi o ka National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health no ka mea hiki iā ia ke kānana ma ka liʻiliʻi he 95% o nā ʻāpana ea.Hoʻopili kēia ʻano kānana i ka ultrafine PM, ka mea maʻamau i haku ʻia me nā mea anionic e like me SO42− a me NO3−, ma o ka huki uila ikaika.Eia nō naʻe, ua maʻalahi ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka static charge ma luna o ka ʻili o ka moena fiber i loko o kahi ʻano haʻahaʻa, e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hanu kanaka haʻahaʻa, [4] ka hopena i ka emi ʻana o ka hiki ke hoʻopili.
No ka hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻana i ka hana kānana a i ʻole ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kālepa ma waena o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ke kaomi, ua hui pū ʻia nā kānana e pili ana i nā nanofibers a me nā microfibers me nā mea kiʻekiʻe-k, e like me nā mea kalapona, metala organik frameworks, a me PTFE nanoparticles.[4] Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻalo ʻia ka pilikia ʻole o ke ola kino a me ka pau ʻana o ka uku o kēia mau mea hoʻohui.[4] ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia kēia mau ʻano kānana kuʻuna ʻelua, no laila e kanu ʻia lākou i loko o nā pae ʻāina a i ʻole e puhi ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana.No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kānana mask i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia e hoʻoponopono i kēia mau pilikia ʻōpala a i ka manawa like e hopu ai i ka PM ma kahi ʻano ʻoluʻolu a ikaika hoʻi he mea nui i kēia manawa.
I mea e hoʻoponopono ai i nā pilikia i luna, ua hana mākou i kahi kānana membrane Janus i hoʻohui ʻia me ka poly(butylene succinate) -based (PBS-based) [5] microfiber a me nā moena nanofiber.Hoʻopili ʻia ka kānana membrane Janus me nā ʻūhā chitosan nano (CsWs) [5] (Figure 1b).E like me kā mākou e ʻike ai, ʻo ka PBS kahi polymer biodegradable ʻelele, hiki ke hana i nā fiber ultrafine a me nā nanofiber nonwovens ma o ka electrospinning.Hoʻopaʻa kino nā fibers nano-scale iā PM, ʻoiai nā nano-fibers micro-scale e hoʻemi i ka hāʻule kaomi a hana ma ke ʻano he CsW framework.ʻO Chitosan kahi mea bio-based i hōʻike ʻia i nā waiwai biological maikaʻi, me ka biocompatibility, biodegradability a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, [5] hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hopohopo e pili ana i ka inhalation ulia pōpilikia o nā mea hoʻohana.[5] Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka chitosan nā pūnaewele cationic a me nā pūʻulu amide polar.[5] ʻOiai ma lalo o nā kūlana haʻahaʻa, hiki iā ia ke huki i nā ʻāpana polar ultrafine (e like me SO42- a me NO3-).
Ma ʻaneʻi, hōʻike mākou i kahi kānana biodegradable, kiʻekiʻe-efficiency, moisture-proof a haʻahaʻa-pressure drop mask kānana e pili ana i nā mea biodegradable hiki ke loaʻa.Ma muli o ka hui pū ʻana o ke kānana kino a me ka adsorption electrostatic, ʻo ka CsW-coated microfiber / nanofiber integrated filter he kiʻekiʻe PM2.5 removal efficiency (a hiki i 98%), a i ka manawa like, ʻo ka hāʻule o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe ma ka kānana mānoanoa. he 59 Pa wale no, kupono no ka hanu kanaka.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa hana koʻikoʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ka kānana kālepa N95, hōʻike kēia kānana i ka nalowale ʻole o ka maikaʻi o ka wehe ʻana o PM (<1%) ʻoiai i ka pulu piha, ma muli o ka uku CsW mau.Eia hou, hiki i kā mākou kānana ke biodegradable i ka lepo compost i loko o 4 pule.Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe me nā manaʻo like, kahi i haku ʻia ai ka ʻāpana kānana i nā mea biodegradable, a i ʻole hōʻike i ka hana palena ʻole i nā noi biopolymer nonwoven, [6] hōʻike pololei kēia kānana i ka Biodegradability o nā hiʻohiʻona holomua (kiʻiʻoniʻoni S1, kākoʻo ʻike).
Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka kānana membrane Janus, ua hoʻomākaukau mua ʻia nā moena PBS nanofiber a me superfine fiber.No laila, ʻo 11% a me 12% PBS solutions i electrospun e hana i nā fiber nanometer a me nā micrometer, ma muli o ko lākou ʻokoʻa i ka viscosity.[7] Ua helu ʻia ka ʻike kikoʻī o nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻonā a me nā kūlana electrospinning maikaʻi loa ma ka Papa S1 a me S2, ma ka ʻike kākoʻo.No ka mea, he koena solvent ka as-spun fiber, ua hoʻohui ʻia kahi ʻauʻau coagulation wai hou i kahi hāmeʻa electrospinning maʻamau, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ke Kiʻi 2a.Eia hou, hiki i ka ʻauʻau wai ke hoʻohana i ke kiʻi e hōʻiliʻili i ka moena pulu PBS maʻemaʻe coagulated, he ʻokoʻa ia mai ka matrix paʻa i ka hoʻonohonoho kuʻuna (Figure 2b).[7] He 2.25 a me 0.51 µm ka awelika o na anawaena fiber o ka microfiber a me ka moena nanofiber, a he 13.1 a me 3.5 µm ka awelika anawaena pore (Figure 2c, d).E like me ka 9:1 chloroform/ethanol solvent e vaporates koke ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana mai ka nozzle, piʻi wikiwiki ka ʻokoʻa viscosity ma waena o 11 a me 12 wt% solutions (Figure S1, kākoʻo ʻike).[7] No laila, hiki i ka ʻokoʻa ʻana o ka 1 wt% ke hoʻololi nui i ke anawaena fiber.
Ma mua o ka nānā ʻana i ka hana kānana (Figure S2, ʻike kākoʻo), i mea e hoʻohālikelike ai i nā kānana like ʻole, ua hana ʻia nā electrospun nonwovens o ka mānoanoa maʻamau, no ka mea, ʻo ka mānoanoa he mea nui e pili ana i ka ʻokoʻa kaomi a me ka pono kānana o ka hana kānana.No ka mea palupalu a porous nā nonwovens, paʻakikī ke hoʻoholo pololei i ka mānoanoa o nā nonwovens electrospun.Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka lole i ka ʻili o ka ʻili (ke kaumaha ma kēlā me kēia ʻāpana, ke kaumaha kumu).No laila, ma kēia haʻawina, hoʻohana mākou i ke kaupaona kumu (gm-2) ma ke ʻano he ana kūpono o ka mānoanoa.[8] Hoʻomalu ʻia ka mānoanoa ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka manawa electrospinning, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ka Figure 2e.Ke piʻi nei ka manawa wili mai 1 minuke a 10 mau minuke, piʻi ka mānoanoa o ka moena microfiber i 0.2, 2.0, 5.2, a me 9.1 gm-2.Ma ke ala like, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka moena nanofiber i 0.2, 1.0, 2.5, a me 4.8 gm-2.Ua koho ʻia nā moena microfiber a me nā nanofiber e ko lākou mānoanoa waiwai (gm-2) e like me: M0.2, M2.0, M5.2 a me M9.1, a me N0.2, N1.0, N2.5 a me N4. 8.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ke ea (ΔP) o ka hāpana holoʻokoʻa he hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka hana kānana.[9] ʻAʻole hōʻoluʻolu i ka mea hoʻohana ka hanu ʻana ma o kahi kānana me kahi hāʻule kiʻekiʻe.Ma keʻano maʻamau, uaʻikeʻia ka piʻiʻana o ke kaomi i ka piʻiʻana o ka mānoanoa o ka kānana, e like me ka mea i hōʻikeʻia ma ke Kiʻi S3, nāʻike kākoʻo.Hōʻike ka moena nanofiber (N4.8) i kahi hāʻule piʻi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka moena microfiber (M5.2) ma kahi mānoanoa like no ka mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka moena nanofiber.I ka hele ʻana o ka ea i ka kānana ma ka wikiwiki ma waena o 0.5 a me 13.2 ms-1, piʻi mālie ka hāʻule o ke kaomi o nā ʻano kānana ʻelua mai 101 Pa a hiki i 102 Pa. Pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka mānoanoa e kaulike i ka hāʻule o ke kaomi a me ka wehe ʻana o PM. pono;ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka ea he 1.0 ms-1 kūpono no ka mea ʻo ka manawa e hanu ai ke kanaka ma ka waha ma kahi o 1.3 ms-1.[10] Ma kēia mea, ʻae ʻia ka hāʻule kaomi o M5.2 a me N4.8 i ka wikiwiki o ka ea o 1.0 ms-1 (emi ma lalo o 50 Pa) (Figure S4, ʻike kākoʻo).E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo ʻo ka hāʻule ʻana o ke kaomi o N95 a me nā masks kānana Korean like (KF94) he 50 a 70 Pa, kēlā me kēia.Hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pale ʻana o ka ea i ka hana CsW a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka micro/nano filter;no laila, i mea e hāʻawi ai i ka palena hoʻoemi kaomi, ua loiloi mākou iā N2.5 a me M2.0 ma mua o ka nānā ʻana iā M5.2 a me N4.8.
Ma ka holo wikiwiki o ka ea o 1.0 ms-1, ua aʻo ʻia ka pono hoʻoneʻe ʻana o PM1.0, PM2.5, a me PM10 o PBS microfiber a me nā moena nanofiber me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopiʻi paʻa (Figure S5, kākoʻo ʻike).ʻIke ʻia ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hoʻoneʻe PM me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mānoanoa a me ka nui PM.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wehe ʻana o N2.5 ma mua o M2.0 ma muli o kāna mau pores liʻiliʻi.ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o M2.0 no PM1.0, PM2.5 a me PM10 he 55.5%, 64.6% a me 78.8%, ʻoiai nā waiwai like o N2.5 he 71.9%, 80.1% a me 89.6% (Figure 2f).Ua ʻike mākou ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui loa o ka pono ma waena o M2.0 a me N2.5 ʻo PM1.0, e hōʻike ana i ke kānana kino o ka microfiber mesh i kūpono no ka micron-level PM, akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi no ka nano-level PM (Figure S6, ʻike kākoʻo)., M2.0 a me N2.5 hōʻike ʻelua i ka hiki ke hopu PM haʻahaʻa ma lalo o 90%.Eia hou, hiki i ka N2.5 ke maʻalahi i ka lepo ma mua o M2.0, no ka mea, hiki i nā'āpana lepo ke pale maʻalahi i nā pores liʻiliʻi o N2.5.I ka nele o ka static charge, physical sieving i kaupalena 'ia i kona hiki ke ho'okō i ka koi 'ia iho hā'ule a me ka wehe 'ana i ka pono i ka manawa like ma muli o ka trade-off pilina ma waena o lākou.
ʻO ka electrostatic adsorption ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia e hopu i ka PM ma ke ʻano kūpono.[11] ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hoʻohana ikaika ʻia ka uku paʻa i ka kānana ʻaʻole i ulana ʻia ma o kahi māla uila ikaika;akā naʻe, hiki ke hoʻopau maʻalahi kēia hoʻoili paʻa ma lalo o nā kūlana haʻahaʻa, e hopena i ka nalowale o ka hiki ke hopu PM.[4] Ma ke ʻano he mea bio-based no ka kānana electrostatic, ua hoʻolauna mākou i ka 200 nm lōʻihi a me 40 nm ākea CsW;ma muli o kā lākou mau pūʻulu ammonium a me nā pūʻulu amide polar, aia kēia mau nanowhiskers i nā koina cationic mau loa.ʻO ka uku kūpono i loaʻa ma ka ʻili o CsW ua hōʻike ʻia e kona hiki zeta (ZP);Hoʻopuehu ʻia ʻo CsW i ka wai me ka pH o 4.8, a ʻike ʻia ko lākou ZP he +49.8 mV (Figure S7, ʻike kākoʻo).
Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā microfibers PBS (ChMs) i uhi ʻia e CsW a me nā nanofibers (ChNs) e ka uhi ʻana maʻalahi i ka 0.2 wt% CsW dispersion wai, ʻo ia ke kumu kūpono e hoʻopili ai i ka nui o nā CsWs i ka ʻili o nā pulu PBS, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka kiʻi Hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 3a a me ke Kiʻi S8, nā ʻike kākoʻo.Hōʻike ke kiʻi o ka ikehu nitrogen dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) i ka uhi like ʻia o ka ili o ka pulupulu PBS me nā ʻāpana CsW, a ʻike ʻia hoʻi i ke kiʻi scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Figure 3b; Figure S9, kākoʻo ʻike) .Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia ʻano hana hoʻopili e hiki ai i nā nanomaterial i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hoʻopili maikaʻi i ka ʻili o ka fiber, a laila e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki ke hoʻoneʻe electrostatic PM (Figure S10, kākoʻo ʻike).
Ua aʻo ʻia ka pono hoʻoneʻe PM o ChM a me ChN (Figure 3c).Ua uhi ʻia ʻo M2.0 a me N2.5 me CsW e hana i ChM2.0 a me ChN2.5.ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ChM2.0 no PM1.0, PM2.5 a me PM10 he 70.1%, 78.8% a me 86.3%, ʻoiai nā waiwai like o ChN2.5 he 77.0%, 87.7% a me 94.6%.Hoʻomaikaʻi nui ka uhi ʻana o CsW i ka pono o ka wehe ʻana o M2.0 a me N2.5, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hopena i ʻike ʻia no ka PM liʻiliʻi.Ma keʻano nui, hoʻonui ka chitosan nanowhiskers i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka M2.0's PM0.5 a me PM1.0 e 15% a me 13%, kēlā me kēia (Figure S11, kākoʻo ʻike).ʻOiai paʻakikī ʻo M2.0 e kāpae i ka PM1.0 liʻiliʻi ma muli o kona ākea fibril spacing (Figure 2c), ChM2.0 adsorbs PM1.0 no ka mea ke hele nei nā cations a me nā amides i CsWs ma o ka ion-ion, hoʻohui i ka pilina Pole-ion. , a me ka pilina dipole-dipole me ka lepo.Ma muli o kāna uhi CsW, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka PM removal efficiency o ChM2.0 a me ChN2.5 e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka M5.2 a me N4.8 mānoanoa (Pable S3, kākoʻo ʻike).
ʻO ka mea mahalo, ʻoiai ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka wehe ʻana i ka PM, ʻaʻole pili ka uhi CsW i ka hāʻule o ke kaomi.Ua piʻi iki ka hāʻule o ChM2.0 a me ChN2.5 i ka 15 a me 23 Pa, kokoke i ka hapalua o ka hoʻonui i ʻike ʻia no M5.2 a me N4.8 (Figure 3d; Table S3, kākoʻo ʻike).No laila, ʻo ka uhi ʻana me nā mea bio-based kahi ala kūpono e hoʻokō ai i nā koi hana o nā kānana kumu ʻelua;ʻo ia hoʻi, PM removal efficiency a me ka ʻokoʻa o ke ea, ʻokoʻa.Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka PM1.0 a me ka PM2.5 wehe ʻana o ChM2.0 a me ChN2.5 ma lalo o 90%;maopopo, pono e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kēia hana.
ʻO kahi ʻōnaehana kānana i hoʻohui ʻia me nā membrane lehulehu me ka hoʻololi mālie ʻana i nā anawaena fiber a me nā nui pore hiki ke hoʻonā i nā pilikia i luna [12].Loaʻa i ka kānana ea i hoʻohui ʻia nā pono o ʻelua nanofibers like ʻole a me nā ʻupena fiber superfine.Ma kēia ʻano, hoʻopaʻa wale ʻia ʻo ChM a me ChN e hana i nā kānana i hoʻohui ʻia (Int-MNs).No ka laʻana, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ʻo Int-MN4.5 me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ChM2.0 a me ChN2.5, a ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia kāna hana me ChN4.8 a me ChM5.2 i loaʻa nā ʻāpana āpau like (ʻo ia ka mānoanoa).I loko o ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua PM removal efficiency, ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻaoʻao ultrafine fiber o Int-MN4.5 i loko o ka lumi lepo no ka mea ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka ʻaoʻao ultrafine fiber i ka clogging ma mua o ka ʻaoʻao nanofiber.E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Figure 4a, hōʻike ʻo Int-MN4.5 i ka maikaʻi o ka wehe ʻana o ka PM a me ka ʻokoʻa puʻe ma mua o ʻelua mau kānana mea hoʻokahi, me kahi hāʻule o 37 Pa, e like me ChM5.2 a haʻahaʻa loa ma mua o ChM5.2 ChN4.8. Eia kekahi, he 91% ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka PM1.0 o Int-MN4.5 (Figure 4b).Ma kekahiʻaoʻao,ʻaʻole i hōʻikeʻo ChM5.2 i ka maikaʻi o ka weheʻana i ka PM1.0 kiʻekiʻe no ka meaʻoi aku ka nui o kona mau pores ma mua o ka Int-MN4.5.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-03-2021
